肺癌

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主持人：有些病人经常拿着胸片去问医生，如果片子上有显示肺部孤立性结节，是不是就代表他患了肺癌？
杨勇：那不一定。有检查发现，大多数肺部孤立性结节经过手术切除，病理切片发现，有报道大约有40%左右是肺癌，那就表示一旦有了肺部孤立性结节，一定要引起重视。还有一部分结节是良性的，可能是肺部真菌感染、结核、肺部纤维瘤等其他原因引起的。因此肺部出现孤立性结节不代表就是肺癌，病人不用恐慌，要做仔细规范的检查以明确病情，这样才能有针对性地治疗，获得最佳治疗效果。
主持人：病人可以采取什么方法来进一步明确病情？
杨勇：可以做肿瘤因子检查，或利用穿刺，推荐全胸镜下切除肺结节，进一步明确诊断。曾经有一个病人，只有零点几厘米的结节，最后确诊就是肺癌。所以医生和病人都要
引起重视，因为肿瘤的恶变程度很快，有的时候十几天就会有明显变化。
早治疗：手术为主、综合性治疗为辅
主持人：患了肺癌该怎样治疗？
杨勇：一旦诊断明确或专科医师高度疑诊肺癌时，患者应尽快在医生的指导下进行治疗。当前肺癌的治疗仍然是以外科手术切除为主、配合合理的放射治疗、化疗及中医治疗为辅的综合治疗为首要选择的治疗方法。它也是集专业的、合理的能够提高患者生存率的唯一方法。随着科学医疗的发展，新时期中晚期肺癌的治疗又有了长足的进步。现在已可以用靶向药物(印度易瑞沙 印度特罗凯 印度力比泰 巴西多吉美)治疗，向肺癌细胞发起进攻。如针对肺肺癌胞生长的各种受体所研究出来的抗体已较广泛地应用在临床中，并使一部分肺癌患者获益。同时病人也要保持一个乐观的心态，这对病情治疗有很大的帮助。
主持人：生活中应该如何预防肺癌？
杨勇：首先要减少吸烟量，其次改善居住环境，远离放射物，避免室内烟尘和装修污染。如有肺部感染要及时控制。此外，还应注意营养均衡，合理运动。同时每年进行肺部定期检查，做到早发现早治疗，特别是烟龄超过20年、平均每天吸烟超过20支者和60岁以上的高危人群。

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==== 汉译英 ====
Moderator: Some patients also often took the chest to ask a doctor, if the film, showing the solitary pulmonary nodule, is not suffering from lung cancer on his behalf?
Yong: It does not. There examination revealed that the majority of solitary pulmonary nodules after surgical resection, pathological examination found that about 40% of the reports is the lung, it said that once solitary pulmonary nodules, some attention. Also part of the nodule is benign, may be pulmonary fungal infection, tuberculosis, lung fibroids and other causes. Therefore, the lung nodules are not always solitary lung cancer, patients do not panic and do carefully check the specification with clear conditions, so that treatment can be targeted to obtain the best treatment.
Moderator: patients can do to further clarify the disease?
Yong: tumor agents or can do, or use of puncture, recommended endoscopic thoracic lung nodules, and further diagnosis. There was a patient, only a few centimeters of nodules zero, the final diagnosis is lung cancer. So doctors and patients should
Attention, because the malignant degree of tumor quickly, sometimes 10 days, there will be significant changes.
Early treatment: surgical excision, supplemented by a comprehensive treatment
Moderator: How should the treatment of lung cancer patients?
Yong: Once diagnosed or highly suspected lung cancer specialist, the patient should be under the guidance of a doctor as soon as possible for treatment. The current treatment of lung cancer is surgical resection remains the main line with a reasonable radiotherapy, chemotherapy and medical treatment supplemented by a comprehensive treatment of first choice of treatment. It is also the set of professional and reasonable to raise the survival rate of only one. With the development of medical science, new era in treatment of advanced lung cancer, there has been significant progress. Now can be targeted drug therapy to attack cancer cells. As for the various receptors in human lung cancer cell antibodies under study has become more widely used in clinic, and to benefit some patients with lung cancer. At the same time patients have to maintain a positive attitude, which is very helpful to the treatment condition.
Moderator: life should be how to prevent lung cancer?
Yong: first to reduce tobacco consumption, followed by improving the living environment, away from radiation, to avoid pollution of indoor smoke and decoration. If lung infection control should be timely. In addition, care should be nutritionally balanced and reasonable exercise. Regular inspections at the same time each year the lungs, so that early detection and early treatment, especially older than 20 years of smoke, smoke more than 20 cigarettes per day and more than 60 years of age at high risk.