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    特发性肺纤维化亦称隐源性纤维化肺泡炎或特发性间质性肺炎（易瑞沙肺纤维化治疗）。病因未明，弥散性肺间质纤维化局限于肺部。多在40—50岁发病，男性稍多于女性。肺病理变化以肺泡壁细胞浸润、增厚、间质纤维化为特点。本病属中医“肺胀”范畴。
    [诊断]
    1、典型症状：急性型，起病急，发热、咳嗽、咯痰、呼吸困难迅速加重;慢性型，起病隐袭，逐渐出现呼吸困难，并进行性加重，伴干咳，无发热等急性症状，进行性消瘦、乏力。
    2、重要体征：呼吸浅速，两肺底吸气期罗音似尼龙带拉开音，50%患者有杵状指（趾）和发绀。
    3、辅助检查
（1）血乳酸脱氢酶增高，类风湿子阳性，。
（2）X线检查：中后期可出现两肺中、下野弥散性网状或结节状阴影，偶见胸膜腔积液、增厚或钙化。
    [治疗]
    1、西医治疗
（1）急性病例，泼尼松每日0.5-1mg/kg，分3次服用，1-2个月症状好转且不继续好转时，渐减量每日25mg：早晨15mg，下午10mg，维持2个月，再减至每日20mg，分早、晚服。服用2-3个月后，每次减量2-5mg，最后维持量为每日5-7.5-10mg，空腹1次服用，疗程不少于1年。
（2）老年病人，发绀、杵状指、低投氧血症，胸片示广泛肺纤维化、蜂窝肺者，可对症治疗，吸氧，不宜用糖皮质激素。
2、中医治疗无特效方药，可对症治疗。
（1）对于消瘦、乏力、咳嗽者：可服补中益气丸，每次1丸，每日2次，口服。
（2）有咳嗽、盗汗者：可服养阴清肺丸，每次1丸，每日2次，口服。
[预防与护理]
由于原因未明，故无特殊预防措施。平时宜避风寒，适劳逸。

==== 汉译英 ====

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, also known as cryptogenic fibrosis alveolitis or idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Cause unknown, diffuse pulmonary interstitial fibrosis confined to the lungs. More than 40-50 years of age in the incidence of male slightly more than females. Changes in pulmonary alveolar wall cell infiltration, thickening, characterized by interstitial fibrosis. The disease is a traditional Chinese medicine, "lung inflation" category.
    [Diagnostics]
    1, the typical symptoms: acute type, rapid onset, fever, cough, expectoration, dyspnea rapidly increasing; chronic type, insidious onset, progressive dyspnea, and progressive increase, with a dry cough, no fever and other acute symptoms , progressive weight loss, fatigue.
    2, it is important signs: rapid shallow breathing, lungs at the end of inspiratory phase rale sounds like nylon band opened, 50% of patients had clubbed fingers (toes), and cyanosis.
    3, auxiliary examination
(1), blood lactate dehydrogenase increased, rheumatoid sub-positive.
(2) X-ray examination: in the lungs can occur later, the step down and diffuse reticular or nodular shadows, occasionally pleural effusion, thickening or calcification.
    [Therapy]
    1, Western medicine treatment
(1) acute cases of prednisone daily 0.5-1mg/kg, divided into 3 sub-taking ,1-2 months without improvement in symptoms continued to improve, decreasing the amount of daily 25mg: Good morning, 15mg, afternoon, 10mg, to maintain two months, and then reduced to a daily 20mg, minutes morning and evening services. Take 2-3 months later, each time reduction 2-5mg, the final daily maintenance dose of 5-7.5-10mg, empty stomach to take a second course of treatment not less than 1 year.
(2) elderly patients, cyanosis, digital clubbing, low-cast oxygen hyperlipidemia, chest X-ray showed extensive pulmonary fibrosis, honeycomb lung, could symptomatic treatment, oxygen, should not use glucocorticoids.
2, no effects herbs Chinese medicine treatment can be symptomatic treatment.
(1) For weight loss, fatigue, cough are: You can wear Buzhongyiqi pills, each time a pill, 2 times a day, oral.
(2) cough, night sweats are: You can serve Yangyinqingfei pills, each time a pill, 2 times a day, oral.
[Prevention and Care]
Due to reasons not known, so no special preventive measures. Usually advised to shelter from the wind cold, proper work and rest.