肺癌

　　哮喘 哮喘病与肺癌可能有共同的发病机制，引发哮喘的慢性炎症可以产生过多的自由基，自由基是人体内活性很强的原子或原子团，能够对人体内其他物质进行氧化，它不仅破坏遗传物质，而且也能促使癌症形成和发展。女性哮喘患者，更应该提高警惕，定期复查。X线检查是诊断肺癌最常用的重要手段，应每隔半年接受一次检查，如果同时合并其他典型症状，则应通过支气管镜检查确诊，以期及时发现病灶，早期诊断，提高生存率。
　　肺炎 支气管肺炎一般起病较急，发热等感染症状比较明显，经抗菌药物治疗后症状迅速消失，肺部病变也较快吸收。但若炎症吸收缓慢或反复出现，应做深入检查。
　　肺结核 对于中年以上的肺结核病人，在肺结核病灶部位等呈现块状阴影，经抗结核药物治疗肺部病灶未见好转，块影反而增大或伴有肺段或肺叶不张，一侧肺门阴影增宽等情况时，都应引起结核与肺癌并存的高度怀疑，必须进一步做痰细胞学检查和支气管镜检查等。
　　肺脓肿 肺癌中央部分坏死、液化形成癌性空洞时，X线征象易与肺脓肿混淆，但肺脓肿病例常有吸入性肺炎病史。急性期有明显的感染症状，痰量多、呈脓性、有臭味。X线片上空洞壁较薄，内壁光滑，有液平面，脓肿周围的肺组织或胸膜常有炎性病变。

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==== 汉译英 ====
Asthma, asthma and lung cancer may have a common pathogenesis, trigger asthma, chronic inflammation can produce excess free radicals, free radicals are highly active in the human body atoms or atomic groups, to on the oxidation of other substances the body, which not only damage genetic material, but also can lead to cancer formation and development. Women with asthma should be even more vigilant, regularly. X-ray diagnosis of lung cancer is the most important means used should be receiving a check every six months, if combined with other typical symptoms at the same time, it should be confirmed by bronchoscopy in order to detect lesions, early diagnosis, increase the survival rate.
Pneumonia bronchial pneumonia generally more acute onset, fever and other more obvious symptoms of infection by antibiotic symptoms quickly disappeared after treatment, lung disease is also rapidly absorbed. However, if the absorption of slow or recurring inflammation, should be done in-depth examination.
Pulmonary tuberculosis for more than middle-aged patients with tuberculosis lesions in the area to present a massive shadow of the lung lesions after antituberculosis therapy has not been improved, but increase or block video with lung segment or lobe atelectasis, hilar side When the shadow of broadening, etc., should lead to the coexistence of tuberculosis and lung cancer was highly suspected, further to do and bronchoscopy sputum cytology screening.
The central part of lung abscess, necrosis and liquefaction during the formation of cancerous hole, X-ray findings easily confused with lung abscess, pulmonary abscess cases, but often a history of aspiration pneumonia. Obvious acute symptoms of infection, sputum quantity, was purulent, with the smell. X-ray film over the wall thin, smooth wall, a liquid surface, the surrounding lung abscess or pleural inflammation often.