肺癌

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　　硒是人体的必需微量元素，必须由外界摄入。而最近肿瘤专家发现，微量元素硒在防治癌症上不可或缺。
　　硒与癌症的防治，临床发现血清中硒水平与人类各种癌症（肺癌、食管癌、胃癌、肝癌、乳腺癌等）的死亡率呈负相关，即硒水平越高，癌症的死亡率越低。动物实验表明，硒有抑制致癌物诱发食管癌、胃癌、肝癌、乳腺癌的作用。细胞培养也表明，硒可抑制食管癌、胃癌、肝癌、口腔癌细胞生长，对于肝癌癌前病变的阻断，具有良好的效果。
　　上世纪80年代初，中国医学科学院肿瘤研究所与美国国立癌症研究所在河南林县对21584人采用4种营养素方案，进行6年的干预研究。结果表明，以D组（β胡萝卜素15毫克，硒50微克，α－生育酚31毫克）最佳，可使总死亡率降低9%，癌症死亡率降低13%，胃癌死亡率降低20%，非贲门胃癌死亡率降低24%，癌症发病率降低8%，胃癌发病率降低16%。
　　专家还介绍，硒对癌前病变的阻断治疗也有较好的效果，我们对部分消化道疾病患者应用β－胡萝卜素及硒酵母（含硒50微克），每日3次，连续服用3个月，进行胃镜复查，可使胃不典型增生15/15患者转为消失，萎缩性胃炎16/22患者病理好转，但对幽门螺杆菌无治疗作用。
　　同时，化疗或放疗的患者在调整营养素平衡的同时给予补充抗氧化营养素硒，可减少化疗或放疗的副反应，如白细胞减少、脱发、恶心、呕吐等。

==== 汉译英 ====
Selenium is an essential trace element the human body, intake must be outside. Cancer experts recently found that selenium are essential to the prevention and treatment of cancer.
Selenium and cancer prevention, clinical serum selenium levels found in various human cancers (lung, esophagus, stomach, liver, breast, etc.) the mortality rate was a negative correlation, that is, the higher the level of selenium and cancer mortality in the more low. Animal experiments showed that selenium can inhibit carcinogen-induced esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer role. Cell culture also showed that selenium can inhibit the esophagus, stomach, liver, oral cancer cell growth, blocking of precancerous lesions for liver cancer, with good results.
Early 80s of last century, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Cancer Institute and National Cancer Institute of Henan Province on the 21 584 people with four kinds of nutrients program, a 6-year intervention study. The results showed that D group (β-carotene 15 mg, 50 micrograms of selenium, α-tocopherol 31 mg) the best, can lower total mortality rate of 9%, 13% of cancer mortality, cancer mortality decreased by 20% Non-cardia gastric cancer mortality by 24%, 8% lower incidence of cancer, gastric cancer incidence decreased by 16%.
Experts also introduced, selenium treatment on precancerous lesions of the block have good results, we have some patients with gastrointestinal disease β-carotene and selenium yeast (Se 50 mg), 3 times a day, taking three consecutive month, for gastroscopy review will enable patients with gastric dysplasia 15/15 to disappear in patients with atrophic gastritis 16/22 pathology better, but no treatment effect on Helicobacter pylori.
At the same time, chemotherapy or radiotherapy patients, while adjusting the balance of nutrients to supplement antioxidant nutrients selenium, can reduce the chemotherapy or radiation side effects, such as neutropenia, alopecia, nausea, and vomiting.