肺癌

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　　常有肺癌患者在发现病情时已是晚期，病人自己以及家属常觉得不可思议：为何是肺癌?为什么发现的时候已是晚期?难道就没有办法治疗了吗?
　　由于肺癌早期症状不明显，易与其他呼吸道疾病相混淆，病人往往不会主动到医院就诊，给早期诊断带来困难。肺癌又大多发生在慢性肺炎、肺硬化的基础上，所以很难依靠这些症状来诊断肺癌。即使摸到肿块或有黄疸、腹水，有时也难以与结肠癌、胰腺癌区别开来。
　　马旺扣主任介绍：甚至患者在患病后较长时间毫无感觉，待病情发展到一定程度才会逐步产生一些肺区疼痛、食欲下降、疲乏无力、日渐消瘦等症状，到晚期则会有黄疸、腹水、呕血、昏迷等表现。当肺癌病人的上腹部常可摸到巨大的肿块，但此时已到中晚期，甚至已向肺部等处转移。肺癌总的病程大约2年半时间，其中2年时间都是在没有症状的早期阶段，一旦出现症状就只有半年的存活时间。
　　马旺扣主任强调，近年来，肺癌由过去的“不治之症”转变为“部分可治”，5年生存率也由2.6%提高到20.6%。所以肺癌患者应该在医生的指导下采取及时有效的治疗，是患者治疗的首选方法，一定要到专业的医院，找专业的医生治疗。切勿信假冒神医之类的骗子谣言!
　　肿瘤较大，而且已侵犯了邻近的其他组织器官或区域淋巴结出现转移，但尚未有远处器官转移的患者，临床定义为局部晚期肺癌。这类患者如今可先通过其他综合治疗使肿瘤病灶缩小，然后争取手术切除。还有部分IV期的肺癌患者，即使癌细胞已经出现了转移，但如果转移灶为单发的，仍然有机会手术切除。例如肺癌伴颅内转移，也可同期或分期进行转移病灶和肺叶的切除术。

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==== 汉译英 ====
Patients with lung cancer often found when the disease is advanced, the patients themselves and their families often feel strange: Why is lung cancer? Why was found when it is late? Is no way to treat it?
As the early symptoms of lung cancer was not obvious, easy to be confused with other respiratory diseases, patients often do not take the initiative to the hospital for treatment, to the early diagnosis difficult. Of lung cancer also tends to occur in patients with chronic pneumonia, pulmonary sclerosis on the basis, it is difficult to rely on these symptoms to diagnose lung cancer. Even palpable mass or jaundice, ascites, and sometimes difficult to reconcile with colon cancer, pancreatic cancer to distinguish.
Ma Wang buckle Director introduced: Even after patients in a longer time without feeling sick until the disease will gradually develop to a certain extent have some lung area pain, loss of appetite, fatigue, weakness, weight loss and other symptoms gradually, to the late will have jaundice, ascites, hematemesis, coma and other manifestations. When the lung cancer patient's upper abdomen often palpable large mass, but the time has come in late, and even the lungs, etc. has been transferred. The total duration of lung cancer about two and a half years, of which two years were at an early stage in the absence of symptoms, once symptoms of the survival time of only six months.
Ma Wang buckle Director emphasized that, in recent years, lung cancer from the past "incurable disease" to "partially rule", 5-year survival rate also increased from 2.6% to 20.6%. Therefore, patients with lung cancer should be under the guidance of a doctor to take timely and effective treatment, is the treatment of choice for patients must go to specialized hospitals, looking for a professional medical attention. Do not type the letter fake miracle-working doctor's crook rumors!
A larger tumor, and has violated other neighboring tissues and organs or regional lymph node metastasis occurs, but not yet distant organ metastasis in patients with locally advanced lung cancer is defined as clinical. These patients can now be the first comprehensive treatment of the tumor from other lesions shrink, and then fight for surgical resection. Moreover, some patients with lung cancer stage IV, even though there have been the transfer of cancer cells, but if the metastasis is single, and still have the opportunity to surgical excision. Such as lung cancer with brain metastases can also be carried out in phases over the same period, or metastasis, and lobe resection.