肺癌

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　　肺癌的发病率逐年增高，一旦得了肺癌，大多都需要实施手术。要想恢复肺功能，重点要保护好呼吸道，这也是手术成败的关键之一。
　　注意睡觉姿势。肺癌术后患者，应该选择两种姿势睡觉。一种是向手术部位侧卧1/4卧位或平卧，这样能够防止纵隔摆动，尤其是全肺切除后。另一种是半卧位，因为半卧位可使肺活量增加10％~15％，使胸部和隔肌活动度增加，从而增加气体交换面积，改善通气。
　　避免感冒。当前正值春天，天气变暖，患感冒的机会加大。不要过多减少衣物，出门晒太阳的时间不宜过长，以20分钟为宜。过敏性鼻炎的患者，家里不要摆放鲜花，更不要去公园赏花，以防花粉刺激呼吸道，引起过敏反应。
　　不要用冷水洗脸。因为鼻腔经受不住冷水刺激，导致鼻黏膜血管收缩，影响呼吸道功能进而影响伤口愈合。每天早晚洗脸最好用50-60摄氏度的温水，有些老年人喜欢用很烫的水洗脸，水温过高容易使鼻部毛细血管收缩而刺激呼吸道。
　　锻炼适度得当。肺癌术后千万不能迎着大风作任何锻炼，因为大风会直接刺激呼吸道。最好的锻炼方法就是作气功锻炼，特别是增强呼吸功能的气功，提高肺部功能。锻炼前给予适当的镇痛药并在家人协助下咳出痰液，运动量以不引起胸部疼痛和疲劳为宜。
　　远离厨房。油烟本身就是一种致癌物，尤其是炒菜时散发的那股油烟味危害更大。厨房燃料燃烧过程中使氮氧化物的生成量骤增，更增加了室内空气污染，人吸入以后会导致肺部病变，出现哮喘、气管炎、肺气肿等疾病。
　　多呼吸新鲜空气。早晨起床时，立即打开窗户，时间以10分钟为宜。但一定不要到人多的或空气污浊的公共场所去，避免呼吸道感染。
    可做胸部理疗。家庭可用振动按摩器（器械店或大商场就可购买到），放在胸部即可，或用手掌叩击胸部的方法也行，这样有利于痰液排出。
　　注意饮食。肺癌术后不能食刺激性食物，如辣椒、生葱蒜、花椒、桂皮等，火锅、油煎、烧烤等热性食物也不能吃。多食富含维生素A及C的食物及清肺润肺食物，如葡萄、核桃仁、芦笋、枇杷、梨等。

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==== 汉译英 ====
The incidence of lung cancer increased year by year, once got lung cancer, most of all need for surgery. To restore lung function, key to protect the respiratory tract, which is key to the success of surgery.
Note that sleep posture. Patients after lung cancer, the two positions should be chosen to sleep. One is lateral to the surgical site 1 / 4 decubitus or supine position, this can prevent mediastinal swing, particularly after pneumonectomy. The other is the semi-supine, because half supine vital capacity can be increased by 10% to 15%, so the chest and diaphragm activity to increase, thereby increasing the gas exchange area, improve the ventilation.
To avoid the cold. The current time when the spring weather warms, the opportunity to increase cold. Do not reduce too much clothing, sun out of time should not be too long, to 20 minutes is appropriate. Patients with allergic rhinitis, the family not to place flowers, not to the park enjoying the flowers to prevent pollen to stimulate the respiratory tract, causing allergic reactions.
Do not wash your face with cold water. Because the nasal cavity withstand the cold stimulation, leading to nasal blood vessels, affect respiratory function and thus affect wound healing. Wash your face every morning and evening is best to use warm water of 50-60 degrees Celsius, some of the elderly like to wash your face with very hot water, the water temperature is too high tends to stimulate the respiratory nasal capillary contraction.
Moderate exercise properly. Lung Cancer Do not greet any exercise strong winds, as strong winds would directly stimulate the respiratory tract. The best way for Qigong exercise, in particular to enhance the respiratory function of qigong, improve pulmonary function. Given proper training before the analgesic and the help of his family to cough up sputum, exercise to fatigue does not cause chest pain and is appropriate.
Away from the kitchen. Smoke itself is a carcinogen, especially when the distribution of the sense of cooking oil smoke flavor more dangerous. Kitchen fuel combustion process, to set the amount of NOx surge, but an increase of indoor air pollution, people can cause lung disease after inhaling, there asthma, bronchitis, emphysema and other diseases.
More than a breath of fresh air. The morning, immediately open the windows to 10 minutes is appropriate. But definitely not to crowded public places or air dirty to avoid respiratory infections.
    Do chest physiotherapy. Family available vibrator (equipment shops or department stores can be purchased), can be placed on the chest, or the methods of hand percussion line of the chest, it is a good sputum discharge.
Diet. Lung cancer patients can not eat spicy food, such as chili, raw onion garlic, pepper, cinnamon, etc., hot pot, fried, grilled, etc. do not eat hot foods. More food rich in vitamins A and C of the food and clearing the lungs lungs and food such as grapes, walnuts, asparagus, loquat, pear.