肺癌

    吹口气能干什么？如果告诉你，可以通过你吹的这口气筛查出肺癌的患病率，请不要瞪大眼睛觉得不可思议，因为这样的方法，马上有望于今年年底实现。
“目前我们还在攻关阶段，如果一切进展顺利的话，会在今年年底出一个样机。”昨天，浙大医学院附属邵逸夫医院呼吸科主任应可净教授这样表示。

    吹口气既无创又有效
    目前在我国城市中肺癌的发病率和死亡率位居肿瘤之首，其中有50%~70%患者被确诊时已为晚期，其总体5年生存率不足15%。
    “如果肺癌能早期诊断并及时进行手术治疗，I期肺癌患者的5年生存率可达88%。”应可净说，目前的检查方式需要做病理切片，有创伤而且费用昂贵，愿意接受早期诊断的人并不多。
    和国外的研究相比，国内有关呼吸气体检测在肺癌诊断中的应用研究仍处于起步阶段。不过，邵逸夫医院的课题组人员已经建立了肺癌呼吸诊断模型，该模型的特异性、敏感性达到80%，提示此模型可作为肺癌早期诊断及高危人群的筛查。
    “我们的目标就是能够在年底做成一个样机，外形大致上和监测吸烟者呼出的气体中尼古丁含量的仪器差不多。”应可净说，到时候，有需要的患者，只需要对着机器吹口气就能筛查出肺癌，既无创又有效。

    美国狗狗率先尝试
    “吹口气筛查肺癌的方法，虽然国内可能听到的不多，但在国外如美国，早就进行过可行性实验了。”应可净介绍。
    美国科学家曾经对经过训练的狗进行气味测试，发现狗对肿瘤患者的气味样本能够做出异常反应。这一有趣的现象背后的关键物质基础是肿瘤患者的呼吸气体中存在着一些特异表达的VOCs成分，来源于不同部位的肿瘤具有不同VOCs表达谱，从而促使犬能够辨别。
    目前，欧美等国家已经发明了电子鼻来筛查肺癌，该装置对肺癌患者VOCs的识别率可达100%。
    因为欧美人种和亚洲人种上的差异，并不能够采取拿来主义。因此，邵逸夫医院呼吸科与浙江大学生仪系王平教授合作，从2006年开始了通过呼吸气体筛查肺癌的课题研究，并于当年获得浙江省重大科技项目。

==== 汉译英 ====
I breathe can you do? If someone told you, can you blow this breath screening out the prevalence of lung cancer, please do not feel weird eyes wide open, because in such a way, once expected by the end of this year.
"At present we are still the crucial stage, and if all goes well, will be a prototype at the end of this year." Yesterday, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine Department of Respiratory Medicine, Professor Director shall be such that the net.

I breathe neither innovative and effective
Present in our cities, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer ranked first in cancer, of which 50% to 70% when patients were diagnosed as advanced, the overall 5-year survival rate of less than 15%.
"If lung cancer can be diagnosed early and timely treatment, I of 5-year survival rate of patients with lung cancer up to 88%." Should be the net that the current way of checking to do pathology, traumatic and expensive, is willing to accept early diagnosis, not many people.
And study abroad compared to domestic gas detection in the respiratory diagnosis of lung cancer is still in its infancy. However, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital team members have established a respiratory diagnosis of lung cancer model, the model's specificity, sensitivity reached 80%, suggesting that this model can be used as early diagnosis and high risk of lung cancer screening.
"Our goal is to be made at the end of a prototype form in general and monitoring of the gas exhaled smoke nicotine similar instruments." Should be the net saying that when there is a need of patients, only against the machine I breathe a lung cancer screening can be neither creative and effective.

Dogs take the lead in the United States try to
"I breathe lung cancer screening method, although the country may have heard much, but in foreign countries like the United States, has long conducted a feasibility test." Should be a net description.
U.S. scientists have trained dogs to the smell test, found the dog on the scent samples of cancer patients are able to make abnormal response. This interesting phenomenon is based on the underlying key material of respiratory gases in patients with cancer there are some specific expression of the VOCs composition, from different parts of the tumors had different expression pattern of VOCs, thus contributing to identify the dog.
At present, Europe and the United States and other countries have invented an electronic nose to screen for lung cancer, the device on the recognition rate of VOCs in lung cancer patients up to 100%.
Europe and Asia because of ethnic differences in race, not to take ism. Therefore, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University Students Miriam Department of Respiratory and Professor Wang Ping cooperation, from 2006 through breathing gas screening for lung cancer research projects, and in that year was a major technology project in Zhejiang Province.