肺癌

    近日，日本产业技术综合研究所的一个研究小组利用甲壳类海洋生物 —“海萤”体内的蓝色荧光物质，成功开发出可让实验大鼠体内的癌细胞发光的技术。此外，研究人员通过将蓝色光转换成穿透性更强的近红外线，还可以直接观测到人体深处的癌细胞状况，据称这种新型标识技术的开发有望为癌症患者的诊断和治疗带来一场革命。

　　海萤是一种生活在海洋中的甲壳类动物，长约数毫米，这种动物通过体内的某种酶与发光物质“虫荧光素”进行化学反应，能发出蓝色荧光。去年日本科学家下村修曾凭借将“虫荧光素”结晶化的研究成果获得过诺贝尔化学奖，而此次研究人员则将目光放在了能与“虫荧光素”发生化学反应的酶上。

　　据介绍，研究人员首先对这种酶进行了改良，使之更容易与癌细胞附着，然后又在其中加入了可发出近红外线的色素。而近红外线与蓝色光相比不容易被血液吸收，更可以穿透厚达数厘米的器官组织。

　　然后，研究人员将这种经过改良的酶和虫荧光素一起注入患有癌症的实验大鼠体内，再用可捕捉到近红外线的电荷结合素子(CCD)摄像机进行观察，结果在大鼠背部深约5毫米的地方很清晰地显示出了癌变的位置。

　　研究人员称，这种新型癌细胞光指示技术的开发对于癌症诊断和判断癌细胞扩散具有重要意义，像以往通过手术也很难避免的癌细胞转移，利用这种技术对淋巴系统的监控，也可望得到有效的预防和控制。

==== 汉译英 ====

Recently, the Japanese Institute of Industrial Science and Technology a research team using marine crustaceans - "sea fireflies," the body of the blue fluorescent substance, has successfully developed allows cancer cells in vivo experiments in rats emitting technologies. In addition, the researchers converted by blue light penetrating a stronger near-infrared, you can also directly observed the situation of human cancer cells in the depths of the alleged identity of this new technology development is expected to diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients brought about a revolution.

The sea firefly is a life in the ocean crustaceans, about a few millimeters, which in some animals, the body's enzymes and light-emitting substance "luciferase" in chemical reactions, which could give a blue fluorescence. Last year, Japanese scientists Osamu Shimomura has made use of the "luciferase" crystallization research won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, while the eyes of the researchers will be placed with the "luciferase," an enzyme on a chemical reaction.

According to reports, the researchers conducted the first of this enzyme improved to make it more easily attached to cancer cells, and then to include a near-infrared that can be issued by the pigment. The near-infrared and blue light are not easily absorbed into the blood compared to, but can penetrate a few centimeters thick of the organs and tissues.

Then, researchers will be that these improved enzymes and luciferase experiments with the injection of rats suffering from cancer, and then can be captured near-infrared charge-integration sub-prime (CCD) camera to observe the results back in the rat about 5 mm deep was very clearly shows the location of cancer.

The researchers said that this new type of cancer optical technology development direction for cancer diagnosis and determine the proliferation of cancer cells has important significance, as in the past through the surgery very difficult to avoid the transfer of cancer cells, using this technology to the lymphatic system monitoring, is also expected to be effective prevention and control.