肺癌

    国斯克里普斯研究所科学家发现一种控制肿瘤在脑部生长方面发挥关键作用的分子机制。此项发现为寻找脑转移瘤的有效治疗方法提供了一个潜在目标。该研究成果近日发表在《美国国家科学院院报》网络版上。

　　领导该项研究的斯克里普斯研究所副教授布伦黑尔德·凡尔丁·赫伯曼表示，对于已侵入大脑的肿瘤细胞来说，其一旦被激活，称为整合素αvβ3的肿瘤细胞受体就会增加一种生长因子的供应量，此生长因子参与肿瘤在脑组织中扩散所必需的新血管生长。相比之下，同样的受体并不会影响原发癌症处的肿瘤生长。

　　研究人员发现，激活的αvβ3和血管生成之间的联系是相当惊人的。研究还表明，肿瘤细胞αvβ3增强血管生成的能力很大程度上有赖于微环境(即体内所处位置)。

　　对肿瘤细胞来说，不只是细胞上受体的存在，还有其分子形状或是分子的混合，都能决定肿瘤细胞在不同组织中的作用效果。分子的形状可增加或减少受体对其自然配体的亲和力。

　　在乳腺癌小鼠模型中进行的此项研究表明，肿瘤细胞上的活性αvβ3可通过提高VEGF(血管内皮生长因子)的表达来促进大脑中的血管生成，VEGF是对新血管形成至为关键的一种蛋白质。

　　在氧供应量降低时，肿瘤细胞通常总是试图生成更多的血管。当氧气和养分变得稀少时，许多肿瘤细胞就会死亡，肿瘤的生长速度就会减慢，直到新的血管生成。但在大脑中，即使在氧气仍然充裕时，活性αvβ3也可通过让肿瘤细胞吸引新血管的持续生成来促进肿瘤细胞的快速生长。

==== 汉译英 ====

Country Scripps Research Institute scientists have discovered a kind of control the growth of tumors in the brain play a key role in molecular mechanism. This was found to search for effective treatment of brain metastases method provides a potential target. The research recently published in the "U.S. National Academy of Sciences" network edition.
The Scripps Research Institute who led the study, Associate Professor Bullen Held Where Golding Habermann said that had been invaded brain tumor cells, its once activated, known as integrin αvβ3 in tumor cells a growth factor receptor will increase the supply of this growth factor involved in tumor proliferation in the brain tissue necessary for the growth of new blood vessels. In contrast, the same receptors, and does not affect the primary cancer at the tumor growth.

The researchers found that activation of αvβ3 and the link between angiogenesis is quite staggering. The study also showed that tumor cell αvβ3 enhance the capacity of angiogenesis is largely dependent on micro-environment (ie, body position).

The tumor cells is not only the presence of receptor cells, as well as its molecular shape or a mixture of molecules, can determine tumor cells in different tissues of the Effect of. The shape of molecules can increase or decrease in receptor affinity for its natural ligand.

In the mouse model of breast cancer conducted in this study shows that the activity of αvβ3 on tumor cells can enhance the VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) expression in the brain to promote angiogenesis, VEGF is the formation of new blood vessels critical to the一种蛋白质。

Reduction in oxygen supply, the tumor cells tend to always try to generate more blood vessels. When the oxygen and nutrients become scarce, many tumor cells will die, tumor growth rate will slow down until the new angiogenesis. However, in the brain, even when oxygen is still abundant, activated αvβ3 can also be to attract new blood vessels allow tumor cells to promote the continued generation of the rapid growth of tumor cells.

The researchers plan to follow this line of thought, to continue to explore the activity of tumor cell αvβ3 on whether to support other types of brain metastases, and investigate in order to αvβ3 activation in the form of target diseases is to inhibit brain metastasis.

　　研究人员计划沿着这一思路，继续探讨肿瘤细胞上的活性αvβ3是否也支持其他类型的脑转移，并调查以αvβ3的活化形式为靶标是否能抑制脑转移疾病。