肺癌

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　　随着医学科学、近代麻醉学、手术器械和微创胸外科技术的发展，肺外科手术在肺癌综合治疗的地位与价值愈来愈受到重视。肺癌外科手术随着电视胸腔镜和微创胸外科技术的开展而有所发展，电视胸腔镜微创手术的肺楔形切除、肺叶切除、不明原因胸腔积液的胸膜活检已在全国普遍开展。
　　可以肯定地讲：I期、Ⅱ期和部分高度选择的ⅢA非小细胞肺癌病人可以从外科手术中获益。
　　肺癌常用的手术方式：肺叶切除+纵隔淋巴结清除术是目前肺癌切除最常用的术式。约占肺癌肺切除手术的70%。支气管袖式成型肺叶切除主要是针对一组特殊的中心型肺癌患者，支气管镜提示肿瘤位于或侵犯叶支气管开口处。术中支气管残端送冰冻病理检查已经成为常规。全肺切除术，近年来逐渐减少，特别是对于高龄肺癌患者更要慎重。局部切除术：包括肺段切除和楔形切除。近年来电视胸腔镜肺局部切除给高龄早期肺癌患者带来生存益处。
　　肺切除加系统性胸内淋巴结清扫术是非小细胞肺癌的规范性术式。新近几年开展的电视胸腔镜肺叶切除+系统性胸内淋巴结清扫术在各大城市进步很快，其不断增长的医疗费用所导致卫生经济学的争论也在继续。希望医保部门重视并给于政策上的倾斜和支持！
　　此外，不损伤胸壁肌肉的小切口开胸肺癌根治术给更多中小城市的肺癌患者带来高质量的生活和低廉的医疗费用。值得推广。

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==== 汉译英 ====

As the medical science, modern anesthesiology, surgical equipment and technology, the development of minimally invasive thoracic surgery, lung surgery in the comprehensive treatment of lung cancer status and value of more attention. Of lung cancer with video-assisted thoracic surgery and minimally invasive thoracic surgery techniques vary carried out the development of minimally invasive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery wedge lung resection, lobectomy, the pleural effusion of unknown causes pleural biopsy has been generally carried out in the country.
Can say with certainty: I phase, Ⅱ period and part of a high degree of choice Ⅲ A non-small cell lung cancer patients could benefit from surgery.
Commonly used surgical method of lung cancer: lung resection and mediastinal lymph node dissection is currently the most common lung cancer, surgical resection. Pulmonary resection of lung cancer accounts for about 70%. Bronchial sleeve lobectomy is mainly aimed at forming a special set of central type lung cancer, bronchoscopy prompted bronchial tumors were located in or violation of leaf openings. Intraoperative frozen section examination of bronchial stump delivery has become a routine. Pneumonectomy, in recent years gradually reduced, especially for elderly patients with lung cancer is more we must be cautious. Local resection: including pulmonary segmental resection and wedge resection. In recent years, video-assisted thoracoscopic partial lung resection to elderly to bring survival benefit in patients with early stage lung cancer.
Lung resection and systematic lymph node dissection for non-small cell lung cancer normative surgical. Carried out in recent years, video-assisted thoracoscopic lung resection and systematic lymph node dissection in the major cities made rapid progress, its growing medical costs caused by health economics debate continues. Health insurance sector's emphasis on hope and give in the policy tilt and support!
In addition, do not damage the small incision thoracotomy chest wall muscles to more radical resection of lung cancer lung cancer patients with medium and small cities to bring high quality of life and low medical expenses. Worth promoting.

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